ABSTRACT
Introducción: La obesidad infantil constituye un grave problema de salud global en continuo aumento en todo el mundo. Muchos estudios señalan que determinados factores socioeconómicos están relacionados con el desarrollo de obesidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en Aragón, calculadas según los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y estudiar su relación con factores socioeconómicos. Material y métodos: Se recopiló información sobre la totalidad de la población infantil de Aragón entre dos y 14 años y cada individuo fue clasificado como normopeso, sobrepeso u obesidad según su índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se obtuvieron las prevalencias por provincias y zonas básicas de salud (ZBS). Utilizamos el índice de privación (IP) de Aragón como marcador de la situación socioeconómica. Resultados: La muestra final estuvo constituida por 161.335 niños (51%) y niñas (49%) de dos a 14 años. La prevalencia global de sobrecarga ponderal (SP) fue de 31,1% (17,7% sobrepeso y 13,3% obesidad), siendo significativamente mayor en niños. Detectamos un porcentaje elevado (65%) de infrarregistro en la historia clínica.Se encontró una relación directa entre el IP y la prevalencia de obesidad y SP en todo Aragón, con una fuerte correlación significativa en zonas urbanas, en las que los factores socioeconómicos llegan a explicar hasta 66,4% de la obesidad y 48,9% de la SP total. Conclusiones: En Aragón, la prevalencia de obesidad y SP es elevada y está relacionada con una situación socioeconómica familiar desfavorable. (AU)
Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious global health problem that is continuously increasing worldwide. Many studies suggest that socioeconomic factors are related to the development of obesity. The objective of our study was to analyse the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón, calculated applying the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and to study its association with socioeconomic factors. Material and methods: We collected data for the entire paediatric population of Aragón aged 214 years. We classified each child as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the body mass index. We calculated prevalences by province and basic health care zone. To analyse differences in relation to social inequalities, we used the Aragón deprivation index as an indicator of socioeconomic status. Results: The final sample consisted of 161 335 children aged 214 years, 51% male and 49% female. The overall prevalence of excess weight was 31.1% (17.7% overweight and 13.3% obesity) and was significantly higher in boys. We found a high frequency of under-recording in health records (65%). There was a direct association between the deprivation index and the prevalence of obesity and overweight throughout Aragón, with a significant strong correlation in urban areas, where socioeconomic factors explained up to 66.4% of obesity and 48.9% of body weight excess. Conclusions: In Aragón, the prevalence of obesity and excess weight is high and associated with low family socioeconomic status. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Body Mass Index , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a serious global health problem that is continuously increasing worldwide. Many studies suggest that socioeconomic factors are related to the development of obesity. The objective of our study was to analyse the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón, calculated applying the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and to study its association with socioeconomic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected data for the entire paediatric population of Aragón aged 2-14 years. We classified each child as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the body mass index. We calculated prevalences by province and basic health care zone. To analyse differences in relation to social inequalities, we used the Aragón deprivation index as an indicator of socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 161 335 children aged 2-14 years, 51% male and 49% female. The overall prevalence of excess weight was 31.1% (17.7% overweight and 13.3% obesity) and was significantly higher in boys. We found a high frequency of under-recording in health records (65%). There was a direct association between the deprivation index and the prevalence of obesity and overweight throughout Aragón, with a significant strong correlation in urban areas, where socioeconomic factors explained up to 66.4% of obesity and 48.9% of body weight excess. CONCLUSIONS: In Aragón, the prevalence of obesity and excess weight is high and associated with low family socioeconomic status.
Subject(s)
Overweight , Pediatric Obesity , Humans , Male , Child , Female , Overweight/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Prevalence , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Weight GainABSTRACT
El eritema ab igne es una lesión cutánea hiperpigmentada producida por la exposición prolongada y repetida a una fuente de calor. El diagnóstico es clínico y el tratamiento consiste en evitar nuevas exposiciones a la fuente de calor, desapareciendo la lesión en el transcurso de varias semanas o meses. El principal riesgo a largo plazo si se mantiene la exposición es el desarrollo de tumores malignos cutáneos (AU)
Erythema ab igne is a hyperpigmented skin lesion caused by prolonged and repeated exposure to a heat source. It is a clinical diagnosis and the treatment consists of avoiding additional exposure to the heat source, with the lesion disappearing over the course of several weeks or months. The main long-term risk if exposure is maintained is the development of malignant skin tumours. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Erythema/diagnosis , Erythema/etiology , Leg , Hot Temperature/adverse effectsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Obstetric Labor, Premature , Primary Health Care , Infant, Premature , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , SpainABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the presence of common personality traits and anxiety states in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PATIENTS AND METHOD: Longitudinal, prospecti ve, and analytical study by applying the questionnaires Children's Personality Questionnaire, High School Personality Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, and State-Trait Anxie ty Inventory for patients with IBD aged between 9 and 18 years seen at reference IBD units in Ara gon, Spain. The participants excluded were those with active disease, defined as a score > 10 on the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI Score) or > 10 on the Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI Score). RESULTS: Twenty-six patients participated (73% male). 61.5% pre sented Crohn's disease (CD) and 38.5% ulcerative colitis (UC). No patient presented active disease. The personality profile as a group was characterized by being open, emotionally stable, calm, sober, sensible, enterprising, impressionable, dependent, serene, perfectionist, and relaxed. 50% of the CD patients were enterprising versus no UC patients (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant di fferences when comparing the remaining personality factors based on IBD type, age, or sex. Patients with CD tended to be calmer (p = 0.0511) and patients with UC more introverted (p = 0.0549). The sample presented a state anxiety level (A/E) -1.1 ± 0.8 SD compared with the population average. The level of anxiety as a feature (A/R) was -0.6 ± 1 SD. Males had significantly lower levels than females in the case of A/E (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of common personality traits in the pediatric population with IBD stands out but there was no greater anxiety than in the reference population.
Subject(s)
Anxiety/diagnosis , Colitis, Ulcerative/psychology , Crohn Disease/psychology , Personality Assessment , Adolescent , Child , Extraversion, Psychological , Female , Humans , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/psychology , Introversion, Psychological , Male , Prospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: El flutter auricular es un tipo poco frecuente de arritmia fetal y neonatal. A pesar de que puede conducir a graves morbilidades, como hidrops fetal o incluso el fallecimiento, el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz confieren un buen pronóstico a la mayoría de los casos. Pacientes y métodos: Se presentan tres casos de flutter auricular, dos de inicio en periodo fetal y uno en periodo neonatal, y se revisa la literatura en relación con las características clínicas, diagnósticas y terapéuticas del flutter auricular fetal y neonatal. Resultados y discusión: En el flutter auricular fetal la terapia materna con fármacos antiarrítmicos es el tratamiento más empleado durante la gestación. El tratamiento postnatal más utilizado es la cardioversión eléctrica sincronizada. El flutter auricular no suele asociar cardiopatía estructural; la recidiva neonatal es poco habitual y normalmente no precisa la administración de tratamiento profiláctico.
Abstract Introduction: Atrial flutter is a rare type of fetal and neonatal arrhythmia. Although it can lead to serious morbidities such as fetal hydrops or even death, diagnosis and early treatment confer a good prognosis in most cases. Patients and methods: Three cases of atrial flutter are presented, two of which start in the fetal period and one in the neonatal period. The literature is reviewed in relation to the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of fetal and neonatal atrial flutter. Results and discussion: In fetal atrial flutter maternal therapy with antiarrhythmic drugs is the most used treatment during pregnancy. The most used postnatal treatment is synchronized electrical cardioversion. Atrial flutter does not usually associate structural heart disease, neonatal recurrence is uncommon and usually does not require prophylactic treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Atrial Flutter , Recurrence , Electric Countershock , Hydrops Fetalis , Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Child , Dyslipidemias/etiology , Liver Diseases/etiology , Hepatomegaly/diagnostic imaging , Hypercholesterolemia/diagnosis , Sterol Esterase/deficiency , Wolman Disease/diagnosis , Wolman Disease/therapy , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Liver Diseases/diagnosis , Biopsy , Wolman Disease/genetics , Enzyme Replacement Therapy/methods , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Liver/enzymology , Early DiagnosisSubject(s)
Dyslipidemias , Liver Diseases , Wolman Disease , Child , Dyslipidemias/etiology , Humans , Infant , Liver Diseases/etiology , Male , Wolman Disease/complications , Wolman Disease/diagnosis , Wolman DiseaseABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: se analizan las características clínicas, pruebas complementarias y tratamientos recibidos por los pacientes con diagnóstico de tosferina que son valorados en Urgencias de Pediatría. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los casos de tosferina que consultaron en Urgencias de Pediatría de un hospital de tercer nivel entre marzo de 2014 y octubre de 2017. RESULTADOS: se analizaron 89 casos (55% mujeres) con edad media de 1,67 ± 2,9 años. El 98,9% presentó tos, el 33% gallo inspiratorio y el 34,8% apneas. En el 64% de los casos había entorno epidémico de tos o tosferina. La media de visitas en urgencias durante el mismo proceso fue 1,4. Diagnósticos más frecuentes en la primera visita a urgencias: tos (36%), sospecha de tosferina (22,5%), infección respiratoria de vías altas (19,1%) y bronquiolitis (9%). Ingresaron 56 pacientes (62,9%), con una edad media de 0,38 ± 1,2 años. Se realizó cultivo para Bordetella en 88 casos (positivo para B. pertussis en 38 y B. parapertussis en tres) y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en 73 (positivo para B. pertussis en 70 y B. parapertussis en tres). CONCLUSIONES: el diagnóstico de tosferina habitualmente es difícil, ya que la sintomatología inicialmente es inespecífica. El diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para iniciar un tratamiento inmediato y realizar una adecuada profilaxis de contactos
INTRODUCTION: the aim of the study was to analyse the clinical characteristics, diagnostic tests performed and treatment used in patients with pertussis evaluated in the paediatric emergency setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: we conducted a retrospective descriptive study of patients with pertussis that sought care in the paediatric emergency department of a tertiary care hospital between March 2014 and October 2017. RESULTS: the sample included 89 patients with a mean age of 1.67 ± 2.9 years. Of the total, 98.9% presented with cough, 33% with inspiratory whoop and 34.8% with apnoea. Sixty-four percent of cases occurred in the context of an epidemic of cough or pertussis. The mean number of emergency visits made during a single episode of disease was 1.4. The most frequent diagnoses in the initial emergency visit were cough (36%), suspected pertussis (22.5%), upper respiratory tract infection (19.1%) and bronchiolitis (9%). Fifty-six patients were admitted to hospital (62.9%) with a mean age of 0.38 ± 1.2 years. Cultures for detection of Bordetella were performed in 88 cases (positive for B. pertussis in 38 and B. parapertussis in 3), and PCR tests in 73 (positive for B. pertussis in 70 and B. parapertussis in 3). CONCLUSIONS: the diagnosis of pertussis is usually challenging, as its initial symptoms are nonspecific. Early diagnosis is essential for early initiation of treatment and adequate contact prophylaxis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Whooping Cough/diagnosis , Whooping Cough/epidemiology , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Bordetella pertussis/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Whooping Cough/drug therapy , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
El virus del herpes simple (VHS) produce una encefalitis necrotizante aguda, afectando típicamente al lóbulo temporal. La existencia de un fármaco antiviral específico, así como el uso de medicación adyuvante como la corticoterapia, han mejorado el pronóstico de las infecciones graves. El retraso en el inicio del tratamiento con aciclovir es un factor claramente relacionado con mala evolución, así como las pautas cortas de tratamiento que se han asociado con mayor riesgo de recidivas
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes acute necrotizing encephalitis, typically affecting the temporal lobe. The existence of a specific antiviral drug as well as the use of adjuvant medication such as corticotherapy, have improved the prognosis of severe infections. The delay in the start of treatment with acyclovir is a factor clearly related to poor evolution, as well as short treatment guidelines that have been associated with an increased risk of recurrence
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/drug therapy , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Time-to-Treatment/statistics & numerical data , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Spinal Puncture/methods , Cerebrospinal Fluid/immunologyABSTRACT
El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad afecta al 5 % de los niños en edad escolar. Se presenta una serie de 82 niños con este trastorno no asociado a enfermedades neurológicas ni a discapacidad intelectual o trastorno del espectro autista, atendidos durante un período de 8 meses en Neuropediatría: 57 casos de tipo combinado, 23 de tipo inatento y 2 de predominio hiperactivo. Tiempo medio de seguimiento: 7 ± 2,8 años (rango: 4-14,6). Compartían seguimiento con Psiquiatría 16 pacientes. Nunca recibieron tratamiento por decisión parental 12 pacientes. De los 70 que recibieron, en 20, hubo demora en el inicio del tratamiento. Tiempo medio de demora: 20 meses ± 1,6 años (rango: 1 mes y 6 años). Tiempo medio de tratamiento: 44 meses ± 2,6 años (rango: 1 mes y 10,5 años). El 90 % de los pacientes (63) que iniciaron tratamiento continuaban tomándolo en la última revisión
Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity has a high prevalence affecting 5 % of school-age children. We present a case series of 82 children with said disorder not associated with neurological diseases or intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder, treated during a period of 8 months in a neuropediatrics clinic: 57 cases of combined type, 23 of inattentive type and 2 of overactive predominance. Average follow-up time: 7 ± 2.8 years (range: 4-14.6); 16 patients shared follow-up with Psychiatry; 12 patients never received treatment by parental decision. Of the 70 who received it, in 20 there was a delay in the start of treatment. Average delay time: 20 months ± 1.6 years (range: 1 month and 6 years). Average treatment time: 44 months ± 2.6 years (range: 1 month and 10.5 years); 90 % of the patients (63) who started treatment were under treatment at the last control
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Pediatrics , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Tics , Learning Disabilities , NeurologyABSTRACT
Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity has a high prevalence affecting 5 % of school-age children. We present a case series of 82 children with said disorder not associated with neurological diseases or intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder, treated during a period of 8 months in a neuropediatrics clinic: 57 cases of combined type, 23 of inattentive type and 2 of overactive predominance. Average follow-up time: 7 ± 2.8 years (range: 4-14.6); 16 patients shared follow-up with Psychiatry; 12 patients never received treatment by parental decision. Of the 70 who received it, in 20 there was a delay in the start of treatment. Average delay time: 20 months ±1.6 years (range: 1 month and 6 years). Average treatment time: 44 months ± 2.6 years (range: 1 month and 10.5 years); 90 % of the patients (63) who started treatment were under treatment at the last control.
El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad afecta al 5 % de los niños en edad escolar. Se presenta una serie de 82 niños con este trastorno no asociado a enfermedades neurológicas ni a discapacidad intelectual o trastorno del espectro autista, atendidos durante un período de 8 meses en Neuropediatría: 57 casos de tipo combinado, 23 de tipo inatento y 2 de predominio hiperactivo. Tiempo medio de seguimiento: 7 ± 2,8 años (rango: 4-14,6). Compartían seguimiento con Psiquiatría 16 pacientes. Nunca recibieron tratamiento por decisión parental 12 pacientes. De los 70 que recibieron, en 20, hubo demora en el inicio del tratamiento. Tiempo medio de demora: 20 meses ± 1,6 años (rango: 1 mes y 6 años). Tiempo medio de tratamiento: 44 meses ± 2,6 años (rango: 1 mes y 10,5 años). El 90 % de los pacientes (63) que iniciaron tratamiento continuaban tomándolo en la última revisión.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Time-to-TreatmentABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Spine/abnormalities , Spine/diagnostic imaging , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Congenital Abnormalities/surgery , Arthrodesis , Spine/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune crónica, de etiología desconocida, que afecta a múltiples órganos y sistemas. El LES pediátrico es más frecuente en las niñas y presenta un pico de incidencia entre los 12-16 años. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes son los síntomas constitucionales, la artritis, el eritema malar y las alteraciones hematológicas. La trombopenia aparece en el 50% de los casos y es la manifestación inicial en el 15% de los casos de LES de inicio pediátrico, aunque puede preceder varios años a la aparición del resto de manifestaciones de LES. Entre el 20 y el 30% de los niños con trombopenia inmune primaria y ANA positivos en suero desarrollarán posteriormente LES
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that affects multiple organs and systems. Pediatric SLE is more frequent in girls and has a peak incidence between 12-16 years. The most frequent clinical manifestations are constitutional symptoms, arthritis, malar erythema and hematological abnormalities. Thrombopenia appears in 50% of cases and is the initial manifestation in 15% of cases of SLE of pediatric onset, although it may take several years before the appearance of other manifestations of SLE. Between 20 and 30% of children with primary immune thrombopenia and serum positive ANA will subsequently develop SLE
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Thrombocytopenia/classification , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Antibodies, Antinuclear/isolation & purification , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis , Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis , Epistaxis/etiologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Gene Duplication/genetics , Developmental Disabilities/genetics , SyndromeABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Down Syndrome/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Retrospective Studies , Gestational Age , Esophageal Atresia/genetics , Congenital Hypothyroidism/physiopathologySubject(s)
Down Syndrome , Comorbidity , Down Syndrome/diagnosis , Down Syndrome/epidemiology , Humans , IncidenceABSTRACT
El síndrome de Lemierre es una patología poco frecuente y potencialmente letal, que se origina como complicación de una infección localizada a nivel de cabeza y cuello que se extiende al espacio carotídeo. Se asocia a tromboflebitis séptica de la vena yugular interna y con frecuencia produce embolias sépticas a distancia. Se presenta generalmente como un cuadro de fiebre y odinofagia de varios días de evolución tras el antecedente de una infección orofaríngea aparentemente resuelta. Otros focos infecciosos menos frecuentes pueden corresponder a mastoiditis, sinusitis u otitis media aguda. El diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico y apoyado en las pruebas de imagen, como la ecografía Doppler y la tomografía computarizada cervical con contraste. El tratamiento consiste en antibioterapia prolongada con adecuada cobertura para anaerobios, especialmente Fusobacterium necrophorum, el patógeno más frecuente. El papel de la anticoagulación en el síndrome de Lemierre es controvertido. Se presenta un caso de síndrome de Lemierre secundario a una otitis media aguda
Lemierre's syndrome is a rare and potentially lethal disease that originates as a complication of a localized infection at the head and neck level that extends to the carotid space. It is associated with septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and often produces septic emboli at a distance. It usually presents as a picture of fever and odynophagia several days after the history of an apparently resolved oropharyngeal infection. Other less frequent infectious foci may correspond to mastoiditis, sinusitis or acute otitis media. The diagnosis is fundamentally clinical and supported by imaging tests such as Doppler ultrasound and cervical CT with contrast. The treatment consists of prolonged antibiotic therapy with adequate coverage for anaerobes, especially Fusobacterium necrophorum, which is the most frequent pathogen. The role of anticoagulation in Lemierre's syndrome is controversial. We present a case of Lemierre's syndrome secondary to acute otitis media
